But what does history actually tell us about these pivotal events? The First Crusade is generally agreed upon by historians to have originated in 1095, kick-started by an inflammatory speech made by Pope Urban II, in order to aid the Byzantine Empire in its conflict with the Seljuk Empire, a Turkic Sunni Muslim dynasty. In 1096, Crusaders, inspired by the pope’s speech, massacred Jewish residents of the Rhineland on their way to Jerusalem. In 1099, as Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders, almost all inhabitants of the city were executed — men, women, and children alike. These atrocities were not unique; the Crusades are definitive examples of the apocalyptic levels of violence it is possible to incite through the concept of “holy war,” as the pope did through his speech. Even after Jerusalem was captured in 1099 — ostensibly the main aim of the First Crusade — the conflict continued in the Middle East as the Crusaders sought to maintain their foothold in the “Holy Land.” ray ban wayfarer glass replacement The impact of this decision will vary by state. Some states have proactively taken steps to clean up their act — they are opting for coal alternatives like natural gas, wind and solar — and will meet the goals regardless. Others may miss the mark without the federal nudge. But overall, there may be hope yet. According to ananalysisby the research firm Rhodium Group, reportsThe New York Times ray ban wayfarer glass replacement Directing for a Limited Series, Movie, or a Dramatic SpecialRyan Murphy,American Horror Story: Freak ShowDee Rees,BessieUli Edel,HoudiniLisa Cholodenko,Olive Kitteridge— WinnerHugo Blick,The Honorable WomanTom Shankland,The MissingPeter Kosminsky,Wolf Hall ray ban wayfarer glass replacement including Hailey Baldwin (who left heart emojis), Noah Cyrus, and Paris Hilton shared their well wishes for Demi, too. Social mediaalsospotted messages fromHayley KiyokoSofia CarsonDwayne "The Rock" Johnson, and more. ray ban wayfarer glass replacement
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